Thames Valley Cytology Society

Volume 5 Issue 1
January 2002

 

Non-Gynae Applications of Liquid-Based Cytology

Report by Sharon Waugh, Watford General Hospital

 


Christine Payne from the Royal Went Hospital in Newport gave a very interesting talk on the non-gynae applications of liquid based cytology at the TVCS meeting at Watford General Hospital on 10 November 2001.

She listed several advantages of using the process.

  • better productivity,
  • better utilization of time,
  • superior preparations and
  • standardisations of techniques.
  • improved quality of each slide prepared in this manner means that only one slide per sample need be examined.

There are, however, disadvantages in using this technique:

  • preparation time may be lengthened
  • it is not designed for air-dried samples
  • may be costly
  • staff must be trained in both preparation and microscopy of the samples.

Christine then described the features of the ThinPrep 2000 machine and briefly described the principles behind the preparation of samples. Essentially the sample is concentrated by centrifugation and the added to a solution which is mucolytic and haemolytic. The cells are randomly dispersed using a vortex and then drawn through a filter. Inflammatory cells pass through the filter giving a rich concentration of diagnostic cells for assessment. Most samples can be prepared successfully on the machine, preservation of urines being particularly good.

Our attention was drawn to the practical considerations involved in the use of the machine (sighting, storage of vials etc) and the need for QC procedures and checks at all stages was emphasized.

The microscopic appearance of the finished preparations was described fully:

  • a clean background,
  • excellent fixation
  • well defined nuclear detail
  • the removal of many of the red cells in blood stained samples may mean malignant cells can be demonstrated easily in samples where they previously would have been difficult to visualise.

There are however, limitations of the technique, principally in the preparation of thyroid samples. Colloid is an important diagnostic feature of thyroid FNA samples; this passes through the ThinPrep filter and therefore is not present in the final preparation.

Christine then outlines several cases which illustrated the diagnostic value of LBC technique. The Royal Gwent laboratories experience of using thin prep in their head and neck FNA clinic was outlined. The use of this technique allowed time saving in both clinic attendance by cytology staff and in screening of fewer preparations, coupled with a decrease in the number of non-diagnostic slides. The audience was left in little doubt that non-gynae preparations of the future would be reliant on some form of LBC technique.